Introduction
I was preparing a family this week that I thought included the English word wall. But as I researched it, I found that Germanic *waigaz: "wall" connects to that family, but English "wall" is from the unrelated Germanic *wallą from Latin vallum: "wall, rampart".
I took the opportunity to do a combine-in-one post of a few small-but-interesting families with architecture words that I had done preliminary research on, before concluding each was too small to a weekly family on its own. But now, they get to shine!
Teaser
Three small families: minaret, adobe, and arch
Full Text
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic *nur- fire
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Chadic *nVr ash
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Central Chadic
- Gude ŋira-ḍu ash, coal
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West Chadic
- Boghom nwur-ǝŋ ash
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Semitic *nūr- fire, light
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Central Semitic
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Arabic نُور nūr light
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Arabic نَار nār fire
- Maltese nar fire
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Northwest Semitic
- Aramaic נורא nūrā
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Canaanite
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Hebrew נוּר nūr shining fire, light
- Hebrew נֵר ner candle, single-wick lamp
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- Ugaritic 𐎐𐎗 nīru fire
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Central Semitic
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Arabic مَنَارَة manāra lighthouse, beacon, minaret
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Persian مناره menâre minaret
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Ottoman Turkish مناره minare
- Turkish minare minaret
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French minaret
- English minaret
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Northwest Semitic
- Aramaic מְנָרְתָא mənārəṯā candlestick, lighthouse
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Canaanite
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Hebrew מְנוֹרָה m'norá light, lamp, menorah
- English menorah
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East Semitic
- Akkadian 𒉡𒌨 nûru light
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South Semitic
- Old South Arabian 𐩬𐩥𐩧 nwr
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Egyptian 𓅙𓃀𓏏𓊌 ḏbt brick, block, ingot
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Demotic Egyptian tb brick
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Coptic ⲧⲱⲃⲉ tobǝ brick
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Arabic طُوب ṭūb brick, backed brick, adobe
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Spanish adobe adobe
- English adobe
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Unknown substrate
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Balto-Slavic
- Latvian ẽrcis juniper
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Slavic
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East Slavic
- Russian раки́та rakíta willow, sallow, broom
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South Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian српски rakita purple willow
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Hellenic
- Ancient Greek ἄρκευθος árkeuthos juniper, cedar
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Northwest Indo-European *h₂érkʷo- bow, arrow
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Celtic
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Brythonic
- Breton gwareg bow
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Germanic *arhwō arrow
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East Germanic
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Gothic *arƕa
- Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌽𐌰 arƕazna dart, missile
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North Germanic
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Old Norse ǫr arrow
- Icelandic ör arrow, directed edge (graph theory)
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Old Norse Ǫrvar Arrows (personal name)
- Icelandic Örvar
- Swedish Orvar
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West Germanic
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Old English earh arrow
- English arrow
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Italic
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Latin arcus arc, bow, rainbow
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Eastern Romance
- Aromanian arcu bow
- Romanian arc bow, arch
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Western Romance
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Old French arc bow, arch
- French arc bow, arc, arch
- English arc
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Old French arche bow, arch
- French arche
- English arch
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Italian arco bow, arc, arch
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Italian arcata arcade, span (of a bridge)
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French arcade arcade
- English arcade
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- Spanish arco bow, arc, arch
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