December theme: Pre-Classical Mediterranean 🏝
Teaser
Europe, Maghreb, Arabia, Erebus
Full Text
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Semitic *[ʕ/ġ]rb
to depart, to set
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Central Semitic
- Arabic ġaraba
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Northwest Semitic
- Aramaic ערובה ʿrōbā
sunset, evening, (Sabbath) eve
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Canaanite
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Phoenician *'irōb
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Homeric Greek Εὐρώπη Eurṓpē
Western shore of the Aegean,\nmainland Greece\n(as opposed to Pelopennese or the islands)
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Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη Eurṓpē
Land north of the Mediterranean Sea \nand west of the Aegean and Black Seas,\nEurope, Europa
- Greek Ευρώπη Evrópi
Europe, Europa
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Latin Europa
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Western Romance
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French Europe
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English Europe
- Hindi यूरोप yūrop
- Korean 유럽 Yureop
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- Italian Europa
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Portuguese Europa
- Japanese ヨーロッパ Yōroppa
- Spanish Europa
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- Arabic أُورُوبَّا ʾūrūbbā
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Chinese 歐羅巴
Europa, Europe (archaic)
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Mandarian 歐羅巴 Ōuluóbā
- Mandarian 歐洲 Ōuzhōu
Europe
- Mandarian 歐洲 Ōuzhōu
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- English Europa
- German Europa
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- Russian Европа Jevropa
Europe
- Greek Ευρώπη Evrópi
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Punic *ʿarb
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Latin arbiter
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Western Romance
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French arbitre
mediator, arbitrator, referee
- English arbiter
- Italian arbitro
referee, umpire, arbitrator
- Spanish árbitro
referee
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- Aramaic ערובה ʿrōbā
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Central Semitic *ma-grb
place of sunset, western place, the west
locative-
Arabic مَغْرِب maḡrib
place or time of sunset, west, evening
- Arabic الْمَغْرِب al-maḡrib
The Maghreb, Morocco
- English Maghreb
- Arabic الْمَغْرِب al-maḡrib
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Northwest Semitic
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Aramaic
- Classical Syriac ܡܰܥܪܒܐ ma‑arba
west, occident, sunset, western sky, west wind
- Classical Syriac ܡܰܥܪܒܐ ma‑arba
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Canaanite
- Hebrew מַעֲרָב ma‑ārov
the west, occident
- Hebrew מַעֲרָב ma‑ārov
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Central Semitic ?
surety, pledge (money before you leave)?
- Arabic
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Northwest Semitic
- Hebrew ערבון erabon
guarantee
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Phoenician
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Ancient Greek ἀρραβών arrabōn
pledge, surety, deposit, down payment
- Greek αρραβώνας arravónas
engagement, betrothal, deposit, earnest money
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Latin arrhabō
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Latin arrha
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Western Romance
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French arrhes
down payment, deposit
- English earnest
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- Greek αρραβώνας arravónas
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- Hebrew ערבון erabon
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East Semitic
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Akkadian 𒌅 erēbu
to go down, to set, to enter
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Akkadian Ereb
night, sunset, the west
in contrast to sunrise/east: Asu (Asia?-
Arabic عَرَب ʿarab
Arab
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Aramaic
- Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 Arabāya
Arabia
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Ancient Greek Ἄρᾰψ Áraps
Arab, Arabian
- Greek Άραβας Áravas
Arab
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Ancient Greek Ἀρᾰβῐ́ᾱ Arabíā
Arabia
- Greek Αραβία Aravía
Arabia
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Latin Arabia
Arabia
- English Arabia
- French Arabie
- Italian Arabia
- Spanish Arabia
- Yiddish אַראַביע arabye
- Greek Αραβία Aravía
- Greek Άραβας Áravas
- Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 Arabāya
- Chinese 阿拉伯 Ālābó
Arabia
- Hebrew עֲרָב aráv
Arabia
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Persian عرب 'arab
Arab, Arabian
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Persian عربستان 'arabestân
Arabia
- Turkish Arabistan
Arabia
- Turkish Arabistan
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- Somali Carabiya
Arabia
- Swahili Uarabuni
Arabia
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁régʷos
darkness
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Old Armenian երեկ erek
evening, west, evening star (Venus)
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Old Armenian երեկոյ erekoy
evening
- Armenian երեկո ereko
evening
- Armenian երեկո ereko
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Old Armenian երէկ erēk
yesterday
- Armenian երեկ erek
yesterday
- Armenian երեկ erek
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Germanic *rekwaz
darkness
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East Germanic
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Gothic
- Ostrogothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃 riqis
darkness
- Ostrogothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃 riqis
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North Germanic
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Old Norse røkkr
twilight
- Icelandic rökkur
twilight
- Icelandic rökkur
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Hellenic
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Ancient Greek Ἔρεβος Érebos
primordial divinity of darkness
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Latin Erebus
- English Erebus
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Indo-Iranian *Hráǰas
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Indo-Aryan *Hráȷ́as
- Sanskrit रजस् rájas
darkness, dust, space between heaven and earth
- Sanskrit रजस् rájas
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁regʷesyéti
to be getting dark
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Germanic *rikwizjaną
to get dark
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East Germanic
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Gothic
- Ostrogothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 riqizjan
to become dark, to darken
- Ostrogothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 riqizjan
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Indo-Iranian *Hraǰasyáti
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Indo-Aryan *Hraȷ́asyáti
- Sanskrit रजस्यति rajasyáti
to become dust, to be scattered
- Sanskrit रजस्यति rajasyáti
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