Word Family - Count

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Teaser

isthmus, sudden, transition, count, Mahayana, January

Full Text

  • Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- to go (imperfective) possibly suppletive
    • Indo-Iranian *hai
      • Iranian
        • Western Iranian
          • Kurdish -ê- comes
          • Persian آی ây comes, arrives suppletive present of âmadan
    • Tocharian *jä-
      • Arshian i- to go
      • Kushean i- to go
        • Kushean yalñe a going, journey, trip
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti goes primary verb [1]
      • Proto-Albanian *eika
        • Albanian iki I go, I leave, I escape
      • Anatolian
        • Hittite 𒄿𒄿𒀀𒋫𒋫 iyatta goes
      • Balto-Slavic
        • Lithuanian eĩti to go, to walk
        • Slavic *jьti to go
          • East Slavic ити iti
            • Russian идти́ idtí to go, to walk, to function
            • Ukrainian іти́ itý to go, to walk, to proceed
          • South Slavic
            • Old Church Slavonic ити iti to walk, to go
            • Serbo-Croatian ѝћи ìći to go, to walk
          • West Slavic
            • Polish iść to go, to walk
      • Hellenic
        • Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀍𐀳 i-jo-te goes
        • Ancient Greek εἶμῐ eîmi I will come, I will go suppletive future, subjunctive, etc. for ἔρχομα
        • Ancient Greek ἰσθμός isthmós neck, pharynx, isthmus, channel with unexplained -s-
          • Latin isthmus
            • English isthmus
      • Indo-Iranian *Háyti goes
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit 𑀏𑀢𑀺 éti goes, walks
        • Iranian
          • Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬍 aētī goes
          • Western Iranian
            • Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹 aitiy goes
        • Nuristani
          • Kamviri ie walks
      • Italic
        • Latin I go
          • Western Romance
            • French irai will go suppletive future of aller
            • Spanish ir to go
          • Latin ambiō I go around, I solicit favor, I campaign, I strive for
            • Eastern Romance
              • Romanian a îmbia to urge, to entice, to solicit
            • Western Romance
              • Italian ambìre to aspire, to yearn
            • Latin ambitiō a going around, desire to please, desire for honor, ambition
              • English ambition
            • Vulgar Latin *ambitāre frequentive
              • Western Romance
                • Spanish andar to walk, to go, to be
                  • Spanish ándale hurry!, come on!, all right! interjection
          • Latin pereō I go through, I pass away, I vanish, I perish
            • Western Romance
              • Old French perir to die, to perish
                • French périr to perish
                • English perish
          • Latin praetereō I go past, I ignore, I surpass
            • Western Romance
              • Italian preterire I neglect, I omit
            • Latin praeteritio
              • English preterite
          • Latin *sēdeō I go away, I go separately not used due to homophony with "to sit", only the participle is used
            • Latin sēditiō rebellion, sedition, discord, turmoil
              • English sedition
          • Latin subeō I go under, I come from under, I sneak up on, I undergo, I come to mind, I take place
            • Latin subitus approached, snuck up on, undergone
              • Western Romance
                • Italian subito immediately, as soon as possible
                • Spanish súbito sudden, suddenly
              • Latin subitāneus sudden, unexpected
                • Western Romance
                  • Old French sodein sudden
                    • French soudain sudden, suddenly
                    • English sudden
          • Latin trānseō I go across, I go over to, I surpass, I elapse, I pass away
            • Western Romance
              • Old French
                • French transir to pass through, to cut through (esp. of cold or wind)
                • English transit
            • Latin trānsitiō
              • French transition transition
                • English transition
          • Latin comeō
            • Latin comes companion, comrade, partner lit. "go together"
              • Medieval Latin comes trusted companion/advisor to the Emperor, count, earl
                • Old French
                  • French comte count, earl from the accusative form comitem
                  • English count
                • Medieval Latin comitātus company of soldiers, association, county
                  • Old French conté county
                    • French comté county
                    • English county
                • Medieval Latin comes stabuli officer of the stables
                  • Old French conestable a military officer of some kind
                    • English constable
                    • French connétable historical commander in chief of the French army, 1060-1626
      • Phrygian ειτου eitou to go, to become
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁itus a going
      • Italic
        • Latin itus a going, a gait, a right of way
          • Latin coitus a meeting, a joining, sexual intercourse lit. "a going-together"
            • French coit coitus
            • Spanish coito coitus
            • English coitus
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁oytyos?
      • Germanic *aidijaz? passable?
        • Germanic *aidijã isthmus, strait de-adjectival noun from a gerund?
          • North Germanic
            • Old Norse eið isthmus
              • Icelandic eiði isthmus
              • Swedish ed isthmus, portage
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁éytr̥
      • Italic
        • Latin iter route, journey
          • Latin itinerārium road map, itinerary
            • English itinerary
      • Indo-Iranian
        • Iranian
          • Avestan 𐬌𐬚𐬥𐬀 iθna lifetime
      • Tocharian *yätār
        • Arshian ytār road, way
        • Kushean ytārye road, way
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₁óye
      • Germanic *ijjē went suppletive past tense *gānã
        • West Germanic
          • Old English ēode went suppletive past tense gān
            • Middle English yode went
        • East Germanic
          • Gothic 𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰 iddja went suppletive past tense gaggan
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyh₂ti factive
      • Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- to go, to enter, to ride, to travel re-analyzed root
        • Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂ti goes, enters, rides, travels
          • Balto-Slavic *jā́ˀtei to ride, to travel
            • East Baltic
              • Lithuanian jóti to ride (horseback)
            • Slavic *jěti to go, to ride
              • West Slavic
                • Czech jet to ride, to travel by horse or vehicle
              • Slavic *jě̀xati stem *ěd-
                • East Slavic ꙗхати jaxati
                  • Russian е́хаць jéxacʹ to ride, to drive, to travel by horse or vehicle
                  • Ukrainian ї́хати jíxaty to ride, to drive, to travel by horse or vehicle
                • South Slavic
                  • Bulgarian я́хам jáham to mount, to get on a horse
                  • Old Church Slavonic ꙗхати jaxati to travel, to leave
                  • Serbo-Croatian ја̏хати jȁhati to ride (horseback)
                • West Slavic
                  • Polish jechać to go, to ride, to drive
                • Slavic *ězda a ride *ěd- stem + *-ьba action noun suffix?
                  • East Slavic
                    • Russian езда́ jezdá a ride, a drive
                  • South Slavic
                    • Old Church Slavonic язда jazda
                  • West Slavic
                    • Polish jazda a ride, a drive, cavalry, move it!
          • Indo-Iranian *yáHti
            • Indo-Aryan
              • Sanskrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 yā́ti to go, to move, to walk, to flee, to enter
                • Elu
                  • Dhivehi ​​ދަނީ danī
                  • Sinhala යනවා yanawā
                • Magadhi
                  • Bengali যাওয়া jaoa to go
                • Maharashtri 𑀚𑀸𑀇 jāi
                  • Marathi जाणे jāṇe to go
                • Pali 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 yāti to go, to travel
                • Sauraseni 𑀚𑀸𑀤𑀺 jādi
                  • Madhya
                    • Hindi जाना jānā to go, to leave, passive voice marker
                • West Indo-Aryan
                  • Romani džal to go
            • Iranian
              • Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 yāiti
        • Proto-Indo-European *yiyéh₂ti
          • Tocharian
            • Arshian yā- to go, to travel, to lead
            • Kushean iyā- to go, to travel, to lead
        • Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂no- noun
          • Indo-Iranian *yáHnam
            • Indo-Aryan
              • Sanskrit 𑀬𑀸𑀦 yā́na carriange, vehicle, journey
                • Pali yā́na carriange, vehicle, journey
                  • Burmese ယာဉ် yany vehicle, mount
                  • Khmer យាន yiən vehicle
                  • Thai ยาน yaan vehicle, conveyance
                    • Thai ยานอวกาศ yaan-à-wá-gàat spaceship
                • Sanskrit 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀦 udyā́na an outing, an excursion, a park
                  • Magadhi
                    • Assamese উজনি uzoni upstream
                  • Pali uyyāna
                    • Burmese ဥယျာဉ် u.yyany garden, orchard
                      • Burmese ရစ္ဆာန်ဥယျာဉ် ti.rachcan-u.yyany zoo equivalent to Sanskrit tiraścīna udyā́na: "horizontal park"
                  • Hindi उद्यान udyān garden, park
                  • Thai อุทยาน ùt-tá-yaan garden, park
                • Sanskrit 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀦 mahāyāna Mahayana (Buddhism) lit. "great vehicle, great journey"
                  • English Mahayana
                  • Hindi महायान mahāyān Mahayana (Buddhism)
          • Italic
            • Latin iānus covered passage, arcade
              • Latin Iānus Divinity of Doors, Beginnings, and Endings
                • English Janus
                • Latin iānuārius having to do with or belonging to Janus, the month of Janus [2]
                  • English January [2]
              • Latin iānua door, entrance, double-door
                • Western Romance
                  • Mozarabic يانة yana door
                • Latin iānitor doorman, porter
                  • English janitor
              • Latin *iānuella dimunitive
                • Western Romance
                  • Portuguese janela window
                    • Malay jendela window
                    • Tamil ஜன்னல் jaṉṉal
        • Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂mn̥ noun
          • Indo-Iranian *yáHma
            • Indo-Aryan
              • Sanskrit 𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀦𑁆 yā́man motion, course, expedition, invocation, prayer
        • Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂tóm noun
          • Balto-Slavic
            • Slavic *ě̀to herd, flock
              • South Slavic
                • Old Church Slavonic ято jato
                • Serbo-Croatian ја̏то jȁto flock
    • Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂tr̥ noun
      • Indo-Iranian
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀸 yātrā journey, travel, pilgrimage
            • Hindi यात्रा yātrā journey, travel
            • Pali 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀸 yātrā
              • Thai ยาตรา yâat-dtraa procession, parade
            • Telugu యాత్ర yātra journey, expedition, march
      • Tocharian *yätār
        • Arshian ytār road, way
        • Kushean ytārye road, way
        • Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂tus a going action noun
          • Celtic *yātus ford, passage
            • Old Irish áth ford, opening
              • Irish áth ford, opening
                • Irish Átha Luain Luan's Ford (place name)
                  • English Athlone
                • Irish Átha an Rí Ford of the King (place name)
                  • English Athenry
        • Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂wō noun of some kind, agentive?
          • Indo-Iranian *yáHwā
            • Indo-Aryan
              • Sanskrit 𑀬𑀸𑀯𑀦𑁆 yā́van rider, horseman, invader, enemy

Visual

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Collected English words

isthmus, ambition, perish, preterite, sedition, sudden, transit, transition, count, county, constable, coitus, itinerary, Mahayana, Janus, January, janitor, Athlone, Athenry

Footnotes

  1. ^

    This verb is ambiguous in which conjugation paradigm it uses. The first person conjugation of this verb could be either *h₁eymi or *h₁eyoh₂. The first form shows up in Greek εἶμῐ eîmi, the second in Latin .

  2. ^

    There are of course many, many descendants of Latin iānuārius: "January". Too many (and mostly too obvious) to bother to list at the moment.

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