Holiday Bonus ⭐
Introduction
It is the right and proper state of a people or nation to be free, generous, honorable, hairy, libertine, and liberal children and vegetables.
Teaser
liberty, deliver, Loðbrok, Luther
Full Text
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- growth, people
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰeti primary verb
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Germanic *leudaną to sprout, to grow
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East Germanic
- Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 liudan to grow
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North Germanic *ludanaʀ grown past participle
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Old Norse loðinn hairy, shaggy, grassy
- Icelandic loðinn hairy, furry
- Old Norse Loðbrok epithet: Shaggy-Britches (of legendary viking Ragnar Loðbrok)
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West Germanic *leudan
- Old English lēodan to grow
- Old High German liotan
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Indo-Iranian *Hráwdʰati
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Indo-Aryan *Hráwdʰati
- Sanskrit 𑀭𑁄𑀥𑀢𑀺 ródhati to grow, to sprout
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Iranian *Hráwdati
- Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 raoδəṇti they grow
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Tocharian *lut-
- Arshian lut-
- Kushean lut- go beyond, drive out
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁lówdʰos
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Germanic *laudaz large, grown, grown man
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East Germanic
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Gothic *lauþs
- Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 juggalauþs young man
- Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 swalauþs as great as, thus great, so great
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- West Germanic *laud
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Indo-Iranian *Hráwdʰas
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Iranian *Hráwdah
- Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬜𐬀 raoδa growth, stature
- Pashto لويېدل loyedal to grow
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Western Iranian
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Old Persian
- Persian رستن rostan to grow
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰeros contrastive adjective?
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Hellenic
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Classical Greek ἐλεύθερος eleútheros free, freedom
- Greek ελεύθερος eléftheros free, single, available
- English Eleuthera
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Classical Greek ἐλευθερῐ́ᾱ eleutheríā freedom, liberty, manumission, license
- Greek ελευθερία elefthería freedom, liberty
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Italic *Louðeros Divinity of growth, Līber
- Oscan 𐌋𐌞𐌅𐌚𐌓𐌄𐌝𐌔 lúvfreís of (the god) Līber only attested as genitive
- Latin Līber Divinity of growth and planting
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Italic *louðeros free, child
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Latin līber free, unrestricted
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Western Romance
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French libre free, at liberty, without obligation, clear, vacant
- English libre Think free as in free speech, not free beer.
- Spanish libre free, clear
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- Italian libero free, unobstructed
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Latin līberāre to free, to liberate, to release, to deliver
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Western Romance
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Old French livrer to deliver, to give birth
- French livrer to deliver, to give away
- Dutch leveren to supply, to deliver
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Old French livree delivery
- French livrée livery
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Middle English livery
- English livery
- Italian livrea livery, plumage
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Old French delivrer
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Middle English deliveren
- English deliver
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- Spanish librar to save, to rescue, to deliver, to place, to give birth
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- French libérer to liberate, to set free, to vacate re-borrowing
- Italian liberare to free, set free, release, deliver, vacate
- Spanish liberar to liberate
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Latin līberālis pertaining to freedom, dignified, honorable, generous
- English liberal
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Latin līberātiō liberation, release
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French libération deliverance, release, liberation
- English liberation
- Italian liberazione release, liberation, freeing
- Spanish liberación liberation
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- Latin līberī free ones, children
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Italic *louðortāts freedom
- Faliscan 𐌋𐌏𐌉𐌚𐌉𐌓𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌏 loifirtato freedom, liberty
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Latin lībertās liberty, freedom, freedom of speech, candor, independence, social privilege
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French liberté liberty, freedom
- English liberty
- Italian libertà freedom, liberty
- Spanish libertad freedom
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Italic *louðert(a/os) freedwoman, freedman
- Faliscan 𐌋𐌏𐌉𐌚𐌄𐌓𐌕𐌀 loiferta freedwoman
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Latin lībert(a/us) freedwoman, freedman
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Latin lībertīnus freedman, pertaining to free people
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French libertin libertine
- English libertine
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰis abstract action noun
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Balto-Slavic *ljáudis
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Baltic
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East Baltic
- Lithuanian liaudis people, nation
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West Baltic
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Old Prussian ludis owner, landlord
- Old Prussian ludini owner, landlady
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Slavic *ľȗdьje people
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East Slavic люди ljudi
- Russian люди ljudi people, humans
- Ukrainian люди ljudy people, humans
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Ludic lüüdi
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Finnish lyydi Ludic
- English Ludic
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South Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic людиѥ ljudije
- Serbo-Croatian људи ljudi people suppletive plural of čȍvjek
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West Slavic
- Czech lidé people suppletive plural of člověk
- Polish ludzie people
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Germanic *liudīz person, people
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East Germanic
- Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐍃 liuþs person
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North Germanic *liudiʀ
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Old Norse lýðr
- Icelandic lýður
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Finnic *liuta group, flock
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Finnish liuta flock, swarm, a lot of
- Finnish lapsiliuta swarms of children
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West Germanic *liudi
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Frankish *liudi people
- Dutch lieden people
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Medieval Latin leudēs vassals
- French leude vassal
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Old High German liuti
- Middle High German liute
- German Leute people
- Yiddish לײַט layt adult, person
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Germanic *Liudibalþaz personal name: People-Bold
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West Germanic
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Old High German Luitbald
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German Leopold altered by association with leo
- English Leopold
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Germanic *Liudiharjaz personal name: People-Warrior
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West Germanic
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Old High German Liutheri
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German Luther
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English Luther
- English Lutheran
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Germanic *Liudiką
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West Germanic
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Frankish
- Dutch Luik Liège
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Medieval Latin Vicus Leudicus Liège
- Medieval Latin Leodicum
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Old French
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French Liège
- English Liege
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Old High German Lutihha
- German Lüttich Liège
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁ludʰtus
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Celtic *lussus
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Brythonic
- Welsh llysiau vegetable
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Old Irish lus herb, plant, vegetable
- Irish lus herb, plant
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Celtic *ande-lussus much growth? intensive *ande-
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Old Irish
- Middle Irish indlos growth, riches
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰnos
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Proto-Albanian *lèudno
- Albanian lem people
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Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰonom
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Indo-Iranian *Hráwdʰanam
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Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit 𑀭𑁄𑀳𑀡 róhaṇa act of climbing, healing, arising from
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Proto-Indo-European *swé-h₁lewdʰ-? self-people?, self-growth?
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Proto-Albanian *swe-laudā
- Albanian vëlla brother
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Visual
Collected English words
Eleuthera, libre, livery, deliver, liberal, liberation, liberty, libertine, Ludic, Leopold, Luther, Lutheran, Liege
Footnotes
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In Old English, you could contrast lēoden: "native (language), the vernacular", to Lǣden: "Latin". These were conflated in Middle English leden: "language".