June theme: Pride In Words 🏳️‍🌈

Teaser

avatar, trans-, tradition, nectar, thorough

Full Text

• Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- to cross over, pass through, overcome

  • Proto-Indo-European *térh₂eti primary verb form

    • Indo-Iranian *tárHati

      • Indo-Aryan *tárHati

        • Sanskrit तरति tarati pass over, float, swim

          • Sauraseni *tiradi

            • Madhya

              • Hindi तैरना tairnā to float
      • Iranian *tárHatī

        • Avestan titarat̰ overcame
        • Northern Iranian

          • Ossetian тӕрын tæryn fly
  • Proto-Indo-European *térh₂eh₂

    • Indo-Iranian

      • Indo-Aryan

        • Sanskrit तार tāra carried across, carrying across, crossing

          • Sanskrit अवतार avatāra avatar, appearance of a deity on earth, distinguished person "down-across", "descended from the sky"

            • Magadhi

              • Bengali অবতার ôbtar avatar, descent
            • Pali

              • Thai อวตาร à-wá-dtaan avatar, monarch, sock puppet

                • Thai พงศาวดาร pong-sǎa-wá-daan lineage of kings, history, (biblical book of) Chronicles
            • Hindi अवतार avtār descent, respected person, translation, incarnation

              • English avatar
            • Telugu అవతారము avatāramu avatar, incarnation, metamorphosis
  • Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂n̥t-s resultative?, ~"the other side"

    • Celtic *trānss

      • Brythonic

        • Middle Welsh traws
      • Old Irish trá then, indeed, however
    • Italic *trān(t)s

      • Latin trāns across, beyond

        • Western Romance

          • French très very
          • Italian tra- trans-, between, among

            • Italian travestire to dress up, to disguise

              • French travestir to disguise, to dress up, to distort, to make a travesty of

                • English travesty
          • Spanish tras after, beyond
        • English trans-
        • Latin trādō I hand over, I give up, I transmit, I teach, I betray

          • Western Romance

            • Old French traïr

              • French trahir
              • English tray

                • English betray
            • Italian tradire to betray, to reveal
          • Latin trāditiō surrender, handing over, instruction, proverb

            • Western Romance

              • Old French traïson betrayal, treason

                • French trahison treason
                • English treason
              • Italian tradizione tradition, delivery, transfer
              • Spanish traición treason, treachery
            • Old French tradicion

              • French tradition tradition
              • English tradition
              • Spanish tradición tradition, lore
          • Latin trāditor bretrayer, traitor, teacher

            • Western Romance

              • Old French traitor traitor

                • French traître traitor

                  • Haitian Creole trèt traitor
                • English traitor

                  • Irish tréatúir traitor
              • Italian traditore traitor, adulterer
              • Spanish traidor traitor
        • Medieval Latin Transylvania

          • English Transylvania
      • Umbrian 𐌕𐌓𐌀𐌚 traf on the other side of
  • Proto-Indo-European *térh₂dʰrom instrumental

    • Hellenic

      • Ancient Greek τέρθρον térthron end, extremity, end of the sail-yard
  • Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ boundary

    • Hellenic

      • Ancient Greek τέρμα térma finish line, goal, conclusion
      • Latin terminus boundary, limit, end

        • Western Romance

          • French terme limit, period of time, word or phrase especially in a specialized field

            • English term
        • English terminus
        • Latin terminālis boundary, terminal, final

          • English terminal
  • Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂ zero-grade form

    • Celtic

      • Brythonic

        • Welsh drwy through, by means of
      • Old Irish

        • Irish trí through
    • Proto-Indo-European *néḱ-tr̥h₂ death-overcome, unperishing

      • Hellenic

        • Ancient Greek νέκταρ néktar drink of the gods, nectar

          • Latin nectar nectar

            • Western Romance

              • Italian nettare nectar
            • English nectar
    • Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂kʷe distributive, "through-and" or "through-each"

      • Germanic *þurhw through

        • East Germanic
        • Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 þairh through
        • West Germanic

          • Old English þurh

            • English through
            • English thorough
            • Scots thorow
          • Frankish *thurox

            • Dutch door through, across, by means of
          • Old High German duruh through

            • German durch through, via, by means of
            • Yiddish דורך durkh through

Visual

Collected English words

avatar, travesty, trans-, tray, betray, treason, tradition, traitor, Transylvania, term, terminus, terminal, nectar, through, thorough