May theme: Cloth 👘

Teaser

clay, glue, cloth, cloud, child

Full Text

• Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁- ball up, amass

  • Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y- to smear, to stick, to glue

    • Proto-Indo-European *gléh₁iti

      • Proto-Albanian *en-gleita

        • Albanian ngjit stick, glue, adhere
    • Proto-Indo-European *gloh₁iyós sticky

      • Germanic *klajjaz clay

        • Old English clǣġ clay

          • English clay
          • English clog
      • Balto-Slavic

        • Slavic

          • East Slavic

            • Russian клей klej glue
            • Ukrainian глей hlej clayey soil

              • English gley(sol) A type of hydric soil, sticky, greenish-blue-grey in colour and low in oxygen.
          • West Slavic

            • Polish klej glue
    • Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁íh₂ sticky stuff

      • Hellenic

        • Ancient Greek γλία glía glue

          • English glial cell
          • English neuroglia
    • Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁itn̥

      • Italic

        • Latin glūten glue

          • Western Romance

            • French glu glue, birdlime

              • English glue
          • English gluten
          • Old Irish gláed glue

            • Irish glae

              • Irish glae glas birdlime
          • Welsh glud glue, birdlime, gluten, mess

            • Irish gliú glue
          • Latin agglūtinō glue to, cement to, fit closely to

            • English agglutinate
    • Proto-Indo-European *gléh₁ineh₂

      • Balto-Slavic

        • East Baltic

          • Lithuanian gléinė wet clay
        • Slavic *glìna clay

          • East Slavic

            • Russian гли́на glína clay
          • South Slavic

            • Serbo-Croatian гли́на glína clay

              • Serbo-Croatian Глина Glina placename
          • West Slavic

            • Polish glina clay, cop
    • Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁itom thing that clings

      • Germanic *klaiþą cloth, garment

        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse

            • Danish klæde cloth, clothe
            • Icelandic klæði cloth, clothes
        • West Germanic

          • Old English clāþ cloth

            • English cloth

              • English tablecloth

                • Japanese テーブル掛け tēburukake tablecloth
            • Scots cloath cloth
            • Old English clāþas clothes plural

              • English clothes
              • Scots claes clothes
          • Frankish *klēt

            • Dutch kleed cloth, dress, robe, rug
          • Old High German chleit

            • German Kleid dress, gown, clothes

              • German Kledistoff clothing material
        • Germanic *klaiþōnã to clothe

          • North Germanic

            • Old Norse klæða

              • Icelandic klæða to dress, to clothe
              • Swedish klä to clothe, to wear, to decorate
          • West Germanic

            • Old English clāþian to clothe

              • English clothe
              • Old English geclæþd clothed, clad

                • English clad
              • Frankish *klēten

                • Dutch kleden to dress, to tailor
              • Old High German *chleiten

                • German kleiden to dress, to clothe
    • Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- exdtended root

      • Proto-Indo-European *gléybʰe-ti

        • Germanic *klībanã to stick, to cling, to climb intransitive

          • North Germanic

            • Old Norse klífa to climb

              • Icelandic klífa to climb
          • West Germanic *klimbanã West Germanic nasalized variant

            • Old English climban to climb

              • English climb
              • Scots clim to climb
            • Frankish *klimban

              • Dutch klimmen to climb
      • Proto-Indo-European *gléybʰeh₂ collective noun

        • Germanic *klibã cliff, rock

          • North Germanic

            • Old Norse klif

              • Icelandic klif mountainside, mountain pass
          • West Germanic

            • Old English clif cliff, crag

              • English cliff
            • Frankish

              • Dutch klif cliff
            • Old High German kleb
            • Old Saxon klib

              • German Kliff cliff, steep shore
        • Italic

          • Latin glaeba clod, soil, land

            • Western Romance

              • Old French glebe

                • English glebe

                  • English glebe-house
                  • English Glebe
              • Italian gleba clod of earth
              • Spanish gleba clod of earth, land, soil
      • Proto-Indo-European *glibʰéh₁ye-ti

        • Germanic *klibjanã to stick, to adhere transitive

          • West Germanic

            • Old English cleofian

              • English cleave ^[1]
              • Scots cleve to adhere, to stick fast
            • Frankish

              • Dutch kleven to stick, to glue
            • Old High German klebēn

              • German kleben to stick, to glue

                • German Kleber glue (informal), gluten
                • German Klebstoff glue
      • Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰos

        • Balto-Slavic

          • Lithuanian gleivės mucus
          • Slavic

            • South Slavic

              • Serbo-Croatian гли̑б glȋb mud, mire
        • Italic

          • Latin globus round, sphere, globe, glob, group

            • Western Romance

              • French globe globe

                • English globe
            • Vulgar Latin *globellus

              • Western Romance

                • Ibero-Romance *lobellus
                • Portuguese novelo ball of thread, intrigue, plot
                • Spanish ovillo ball, pile, bunch
            • Spanish globo balloon, globe
  • Proto-Indo-European *glewd- clump, clod

    • Germanic *klautaz ball, lump, block, cleat

      • West Germanic

        • Old English clēot

          • English cleat
        • Frankish *klōt

          • Dutch kloot sphere, ball, testicle
        • Old High German chlōz

          • German Kloß lump, dumpling
        • Old Saxon *klōt

          • German Klöten testicles
          • Old Norse klót

            • Danish klode globe
            • Icelandic klót
        • West Germanic *klūtaz lump, clod, boulder, hill West Germanic variant

          • Old English clūt

            • English clout
            • English clot
          • Old English clūd rock, boulder, hill

            • English cloud ^[2]
          • Frankish *klūta

            • Dutch kluit lump, clod
  • Proto-Indo-European *glembʰ- mass, clasp

    • Proto-Indo-European *glombʰós

      • Italic

        • Latin glomus ball-shaped mass, ball of yarn

          • Western Romance

            • Italian ghiomo ball of yarn

              • Romanian ghem ball of yarn
          • Latin glomerō I make into a ball, I gather in a heap, I group together
          • Latin agglomerare roll into a ball

            • English agglomerate
          • Latin conglomerō

            • English conglomerate
          • English glomerulus
    • Proto-Indo-European *glm̥bʰō

      • Germanic *klumpô clasp, clamp, lump, mass

        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse klumba cudgel

            • Swedish klubba club, bludgeon, (golf) club, (hockey) stick
            • English club
        • West Germanic

          • Old English *clympe

            • English clump

              • Polish klomb flowerbed
              • Russian клу́мба klúmba flowerbed
          • Frankish *klumpo

            • Dutch klomp wooden shoe

              • English clomp
  • Proto-Indo-European *gelt- womb

    • Germanic *kelþaz womb, fetus, newborn

      • East Germanic

        • Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹 kilþei womb
      • North Germanic

        • Old Norse

          • Danish kuld litter
          • Icelandic kelta lap
      • West Germanic

        • Old English ċild fetus, baby, child

          • English child
    • Indo-Iranian

      • Indo-Aryan

        • Sanskrit 𑀚𑀭𑁆𑀢𑀼 jártu vulva

Visual

Collected English words

clay, clog, gley(sol), glial cell, neuroglia, glue, gluten, agglutinate, cloth, tablecloth, clothes, clothe, clad, climb, cliff, glebe, glebe-house, Glebe, cleave, globe, cleat, clout, clot, cloud, agglomerate, conglomerate, glomerulus, club, clump, clomp, child

Footnotes

1. ^

   Only the meaning of cleave of "to cling, to adhere"; distinct from English homonym & antonym cleave "to split" from PIE *glewbʰ-ti, Germanic *kleubanã. The distinction is retained in Dutch kleven vs. klieven, German kleben vs. klieben.

2. ^

   Old English clūd: "rock, boulder, hill" started being used figuratively to mean a "cloud" (a "sky-boulder" or "sky-hill") in Middle English, replacing Old English wolcen and scēo. Old English scēo: "cloud" became Modern English sky.