Word Family - Door

July theme: Architecture 🏛️

Teaser

door, hors d'oeuvre, foreign, forest, Dvorak

Full Text

  • Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- door, gate
    • Proto-Indo-European *dʰwṓr door Gen. *dʰurés
      • Anatolian
        • Hittite *durza
          • Hittite 𒀭𒄙𒍝 an-dur-za indoors
      • Pre-Albanian *dœrə
        • Albanian derë door, home, family
      • Armenian
        • Old Armenian դուռն duṙn door, entrance, mountain pass, palace, court, retinue
          • Armenian դուռ duṙ door, exit, court (of a monarch)
      • Balto-Slavic *dwirs
        • East Baltic
          • Lithuanian dùrys doors plural only
        • West Baltic
          • Old Prussian dauris gates considered to be a misspelling in Elbing that should be duaris
        • Slavic *dvьrь door
          • East Slavic двьрь dvĭrĭ
            • Russian дверь dverʹ door
            • Ukrainian две́рі dvéri doors plural only
          • South Slavic
            • Old Church Slavonic
              • Serbo-Croatian две̑ри dvȇri door, doors, entrance archiac, plural only
            • Serbo-Croatian двар dvar doors archiac, plural only
          • West Slavic
            • Czech dveře door
            • Polish drzwi doors plural only
      • Germanic *durz door, hatch, flap
        • East Germanic
          • Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂 daur door
        • North Germanic
          • Old Norse dyrr door, doorway
            • Danish dør door
            • Icelandic dyr door, doorway
        • West Germanic
          • Old English duru
            • English door
          • Frankish
            • Dutch deur door
          • Old High German turi door
            • German Tür door
            • Yiddish טיר tir door
      • Italic *fworis
        • Latin foris door, gate, opening, entrance
          • Latin forīs outdoors, outside
            • French hors outside
              • French hors-d'oeuvre hors d'oeuvre "outside of the work", i.e.not part of the main course
                • English hors d'oeuvre
            • Vulgar Latin *forānus outsider
              • Western Romance
                • Old French forain
                  • French forain fairground, showman semantically assimilated to foire: "fair" by folk etymology
                  • English foreign respelled by association with reign
            • Medieval Latin forestis (silva) [1]
              • Medieval Latin foresta
                • Western Romance
                  • Old French forest(e)
                    • French forêt forest
                    • English forest
                    • Irish foraois forest, timber, lair
                  • Italian foresta forest
                    • Maltese foresta forest
                  • Spanish foresta forest
                    • Spanish floresta woodland, forest, dell modified by association to "flor"
    • Proto-Indo-European *dʰworom
      • Celtic *dwar Acc. *dworam
        • Gaulish duron door, gate, walled town
          • Latin Augustodurum the Gate (or Forum) of Augustus, a city in Roman Gaul now Bayeux, France
          • Irish doras door, doorway
        • Celtic *dworestum
          • Brythonic
            • Welsh drws door
          • Old Irish dorus door
      • Indo-Iranian *dʰwā́ram
        • Indo-Aryan *d(ʰ)wā́ram
          • Sanskrit 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀭 dvā́ra gate, door, entrance, means, opportunity
            • Magadhi
              • Bengali দ্বার dbara door, gateway, entrance
            • Maharashtri
              • Marathi दार dār door, gate
            • Sauraseni 𑀩𑀸𑀭 bāra
              • Madhya Sauraseni
                • Hindi बार bār gate, doorway, access
              • Western Sauraseni
                • Romani vudar door
            • Hindi द्वार dvār door, gate, means
            • Telugu ద్వారము dvāramu door, doorway
            • Thai ทวาร tá-waan door
        • Iranian *dwā́ram
          • Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 duuarəm door, pass
          • Northern Iranian
            • Scythian
              • Ossetian дуар dwar door, goal (sports)
          • Western Iranian
            • Northwestern Iranian
              • Kurdish derî door
            • Old Persian 𐎯𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠 du-va-ra-ya-a at (my) door attested in locative
              • Persian در dar door, court, lid
        • Nuristani
          • Kamviri du
      • Italic *fworom
        • Latin forum market-place, public place, forum
          • English forum forum
          • French forum forum
          • German Forum forum
          • Italian foro forum
          • Russian фо́рум fórum forum
          • Spanish foro forum
          • Latin forēnsis of the forum, public
            • English forensic
        • Umbrian 𐌚𐌖𐌓𐌖 furu
      • Tocharian
        • Kushean twere door
    • Proto-Indo-European *dʰuréh₂ doors collective
      • Germanic *durã big door, gate [2]
        • West Germanic
          • Old High German tor gate [2]
            • German Tor gate [2]
      • Hellenic *tʰurā
        • Classical Greek θύρα thúra door, entrance
          • Greek θύρα thýra door, stadium gate, computer port
          • Classical Greek θυρεός thureós door stop, wide oblong (door shaped) shield, oval
            • Greek θυρεός thyreós coat of arms
            • Coptic ⲑⲩⲣⲱⲛ thurōn shield
            • French thyroïde thyroid 16C coining based on shape
              • English thyroid
            • Hebrew תְּרִיס tris shutter
    • Proto-Indo-European *dʰworos
      • Balto-Slavic *dwáras
        • East Baltic
          • Lithuanian dvãras manor, court, courtyard
        • West Baltic
          • Old Prussian duarris courtier
        • Slavic *dvõrъ court, courtyard
          • East Slavic
            • Russian двор dvor yard, courtyard, homestead
            • Lithuanian dvãras manor, court, courtyard
          • South Slavic
            • Serbo-Croatian дво̑р dvȏr castle, palace, courtyard
            • Hungarian udvar court, courtyard
          • West Slavic
            • Polish dwór
            • Czech dvůr court, courtyard, manor house (archaic)
              • Czech Dvořák surname, referring to a rich owner of a manor house
                • English Dvorak

Visual

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Collected English words

door, hors d'oeuvre, foreign, forest, forum, forensic, thyroid, Dvorak

Footnotes

  1. ^

    Medieval Latin foresta may be a blend of Latin forestis silva: "the outside woods" and Frankish *furhiþi: "woodland, forest", from "fir (tree)" plus a collective placename suffix.

  2. ^

    Germanic has a distinction between *durz: "door, small door" and *durã: "big door, gate" (original a PIE collective noun) that is merged in most descendants, but the distinction can still be seen in German Tür: "door, doorway" vs. Tor: "gate, arch, goal".

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