Word Family - Navy

Introduction

For the UN Interntaional Day of the Seafarer (June 25)

Teaser

naiad, astronaut, nausea, navy, navigate

Full Text

  • Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂- to float, to swim
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)néh₂ti floats, swims
      • Celtic *snāti
        • Old Irish snaid swims
      • Hellenic
        • Classical Greek νᾱ́ω nā́ō I flow
          • Classical Greek Νᾱϊᾰ́ς Nāïás naiad
            • English naiad
          • Classical Greek νέω néō I swim possibly altered by analogy to pléō: "to sail, to float"
            • Classical Greek νῆσος nêsos island [1]
              • Greek νησί nisí island
              • Classical Greek χερσόνησος khersónēsos peninsula "dry land island"
              • Classical Greek Πελοπόννησος Pelopónnēsos Peloponnese "island of Pelops"
                • English Peloponnese
              • Coptic ⲛⲏⲥⲟⲥ nēsos island
              • English -nesia
                • English Indonesia
                • English Melanesia
                • English Micronesia
                • English Polynesia
      • Indo-Iranian snáHti
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit स्नाति snā́ti to bathe
        • Iranian
          • Northern Iranian
            • Khotani ysänāh- to wash
          • Western Iranian
            • Kurdish ajne to swim
            • Persian شناویدن šenāvīdan to swim
          • Iranian *snanan? saltwort, potash ingredient in soapmaking
            • Western Iranian
              • Parthian
                • Old Armenian աւշնան awšnan
              • Persian اشنان ošnân saltwort
                • Arabic أُشْنَان ʾušnān saltwort, potash
      • Italic *snāō
        • Latin I swim, I float, I flow
          • Western Romance
            • Old French noer to swim
          • Latin natō I swim, I float, I flow
            • Eastern Romance
              • Romanian a înota to swim
              • Albanian notoj I swim
            • Western Romance
              • Italian nuotare to swim
              • Spanish nadar to swim
            • Latin natans swimming
              • Translingual Ambulocetus natans [2]
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)noh₂éyeti causative
      • Indo-Iranian *snaHpáyati
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit स्नापयति snāpáyati to bathe, to wash
        • Iranian
          • Avestan *snaiieni
            • Avestan frasnaiieni to wash off
          • Northern Iranian
            • Khotani ysänāj- to bathe
            • Ossetian найын najyn to bathe
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥h₂sḱéti iterative/frequentive
      • Tocharian
        • Kushean nāsk- to swim, to bathe
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂tós
      • Indo-Iranian
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit स्नात snātá bathed
        • Iranian
          • Avestan 𐬯𐬥𐬁𐬙𐬀 snāta washed, clean
      • Italic *snātos
        • Umbrian 𐌔𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌀 snata wet?, cleansed? Iguvine Tablets
          • Umbrian 𐌀𐌔𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌀 asnata dry?, uncleansed? Iguvine Tablets
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)néh₂mn̥ a swim, a flow action noun
      • Hellenic *(h)nā́mə
        • Classical Greek νᾶμᾰ nâma running water, a spring, a fountain
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥h₂mós a swim action noun
      • Celtic *snāmos
        • Brythonic
          • Welsh nawf swimming
            • Welsh nofio to swim
        • Old Irish snám
          • Irish snámh to swim, to float, a swim, deep water
      • Indo-Iranian
        • Iranian
          • Western Iranian
            • Kurdish ajna a swim, swimming
            • Persian شنا šenâ a swim, swimming
    • Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us boat
      • Old Armenian նաւ naw boat, ship
      • Celtic *nāwā
        • Brythonic
          • Middle Welsh noe boat replaced by borrowing from OE bāt
        • Old Irish boat replaced by borrowing from OE bāt
      • Germanic *nōwaz ship
        • North Germanic
          • Old Norse nór ship (archaic, poetic), trough
            • Old Norse brandnór hearth-ship kenning for "house"
            • Old Norse Nóatún Ship-Farm home of Njörðr, divinity of the sea and sailing
        • Germanic *naustã boathouse
          • North Germanic
            • Old Norse naust boathouse
              • Danish nøst boathouse
              • Icelandic naust boathouse
              • Scots noust landing place, boat launch, boathouse
          • West Germanic
        • Germanic *nōwandz boater, boatman
          • West Germanic
            • Old English nōwend sailor, captain, shipmaster
        • Germanic *nakwô boat, ship
          • North Germanic
            • Old Norse nǫkkvi boat, ship, personal name
              • Icelandic Nökkvi
          • West Germanic
            • Old English naca boat, ship poetic
            • Frankish *nak(w)o
              • Dutch aak barge
                • German Aak Lower Rhine barge
              • Old High German
                • German Nachen boat archaic
      • Hellenic *náus
        • Mycenaean Greek *náus
          • Mycenaean Greek 𐀙𐀄𐀈𐀗 na-u-do-mo shipwrights
        • Classical Greek ναῦς naûs
          • Greek ναυς nafs
          • Classical Greek ναύτης naútēs sailor
            • Greek ναύτης náftis sailor
            • Classical Syriac ܢܰܘܛܳܐ nawṭā
              • Arabic نَوْتِيّ nawtiyy sailor, nautilus
                • Ge'ez ኖትያዊ notəyawi ship's captain
            • Latin nauta sailor
              • English -naut
                • English astronaut
            • Classical Greek Ἀργοναύτης Argonaútēs
              • English Argonaut
            • Classical Greek ναυτῐκός nautikós sea faring, naval
              • Greek ναυτικός naftikós
              • Latin nauticus nautical, naval
                • Western Romance
                  • French nautique
                    • English nautical
                  • Italian nautico
                  • Spanish náutico
          • Classical Greek ναυτῐ́λος nautílos sailor, nautilus
            • Latin nautilus
              • English nautilus
          • Classical Greek ναυσία sea sickness
            • Latin nausea
              • English nausea
          • Classical Greek ναυπηγέω naupēgéō I build ships
            • Classical Greek Ναύπᾰκτος Naúpaktos Shipyard (placename)
              • Greek Ναύπακτος Nafpaktos
                • English Nafpaktos
              • Latin Naupactus
                • English Naupactus
          • Classical Greek ναῦλος naûlos
            • Greek ναύλος návlos fare, transport free
            • Italian nolo hire, rental, freight
          • Classical Greek Ναυσικᾶ Ship-Burner (personal name)
            • English Nausicaa
              • Japanese ナウシカ Naushika
      • Indo-Iranian *náHuš boat
        • Indo-Aryan *náHuṣ
          • Sanskrit नौ naú ship, boat
          • Sanskrit नावा nāvā́
            • Hindi नाव nāv boat
        • Iranian *náHuš boat
          • Northern Iranian
            • Ossetian нау naw ship
          • Western Iranian
            • Persian ناو nāw boat, warship, trough
              • Persian ناخدا nâxodâ skipper, captain, shipmaster lit. "boat-autocrat"
                • Arabic نَاخُوذَاة nāḵūḏāh skipper, shipmaster
                  • Swahili nahodha captain (of a ship)
                • Hindi नाख़ुदा nāxudā sailor, captain
                • Malay nakhoda ship owner, shipmaster, captain
        • Indo-Iranian *naHuyáH navigable (river)
          • Indo-Aryan
            • Sanskrit 𑀦𑀸𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀸 navyā́ navigable (river)
          • Nuristani *nāwyā́ mill race
            • Kamviri nu mill race
      • Italic *nāwis
        • Latin nāvis ship
          • Western Romance
            • French nef
              • English nef
            • Italian nave ship
            • Spanish nave ship, nave, aisle
            • English nave
          • Latin nāvicula
            • Western Romance
              • French nacelle
                • English nacelle
          • Latin nāvigium
            • Western Romance
              • Old French navie
                • English navy
              • Spanish navío ship
          • Latin *navilium
            • Western Romance
              • French navire
              • Italian naviglio ship, fleet, canal
      • Proto-Indo-European *neh₂w(i)yos boatish, naval
        • Hellenic *nā́yyos
          • Classical Greek νήϊος nḗïos of or for a ship, naval
        • Indo-Iranian *naHwiyás boatable, navigable
          • Indo-Aryan
            • Sanskrit नाव्य nāvyá navigable
          • Iranian *naHwiyáh
            • Avestan 𐬥𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬀 nāuuiia boatable, navigable
            • Western Iranian
              • Old Persian 𐎴𐎠𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎠 n-a-vi-i-y-a [3]
            • Kushean newiya canal
      • Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂w(i)h₂eǵeti drives a boat
        • Indo-Iranian *naHuHaȷ́ati
          • Indo-Iranian *naHuHaȷ́ás navigator, skipper
            • Indo-Aryan *naHuHaĵás
              • Sanskrit 𑀦𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀚 nāvājá sailor, captain, navigator
            • Iranian *naHuHajáh
              • Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬰𐬀 nauuāza sailor
              • Bactrian ναοαζο naoazo sailor
              • Western Iranian
                • Parthian 𐫗𐫀𐫇𐫀𐫉 nʾwʾz helmsman, navigator
                  • Old Armenian նաւազ nawaz boatman, sailor
                    • Armenian նավազ navaz sailor
        • Italic
          • Latin nāvigō I sail
            • Western Romance
              • French nager to swim
              • Italian navigare to sail, to navigate, to browse
              • Spanish navegar to sail, to navigate, to browse
            • English navigate
            • French naviguer to sail, to navigate, to browse
      • Proto-Indo-European *neh₂w(i)wedʰeti leads a boat
        • Indo-Iranian *náHwwādáyati
          • Iranian
            • Western Iranian
              • Parthian *nāvvast
                • Old Armenian *nawast to navigate, to sail
                  • Old Armenian նաւաստի nawasti sailor
                    • Armenian նավաստի navasti sailor
    • Proto-Indo-European *(s)néHtr̥ snake, common European adder? [4]
      • Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥Htrós
        • Germanic *nadraz snake, viper, adder
          • East Germanic
            • Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐌳𐍂𐍃 nadrs viper, adder
          • North Germanic
            • Old Norse naðr snake, viper, adder
              • Icelandic naður viper, adder
          • Germanic *nadrȭ snake, viper, adder
            • North Germanic
              • Old Norse naðra snake, viper, adder
                • Icelandic naðra viper, adder
            • West Germanic
              • Old English nǣdre snake, adder
                • English adder
              • Frankish *nadra
                • Dutch adder
              • Old High German nātara
                • German Natter snake
                • German Otter adder, viper rebracketed
                  • German Kreuzotter common European adder
      • Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥Htríh
        • Celtic *natrī
          • Brythonic *nėdr
            • Welsh neidr snake, adder
        • Proto-Indo-European *(s)n̥Htríks
          • Celtic *natrixs snake
            • Old Irish nathir snake
              • Irish nathair snake
          • Italic
            • Latin natrīx water snake
              • Translingual Natrix taxonomic genus of grass and water snakes
              • Western Romance
                • Italian natrice grass snake

Visual

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Collected English words

naiad, Peloponnese, -nesia, Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Ambulocetus natans, -naut, astronaut, Argonaut, nautical, nautilus, nausea, Nafpaktos, Naupactus, Nausicaa, nef, nave, nacelle, navy, navigate, adder, Natrix

Footnotes

  1. ^

    Other possible origins for Classical Greek νῆσος nêsos include the unknown origin that gives Latin īnsula and Celtic *enistī, or from *néh₂s: "nose", similar to Germanic *nasją: "headland, promontory" from "nose". https://www.aidanem.com/word-family-isolate.html

  2. ^

    One of my favorite taxonomic names: "the walking whale that swims"

  3. ^

    Old Persian 𐎴𐎠𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎠 n-a-vi-i-y-a is in the Behistun Inscription, in the description of Darius's army crossing the Tigris to attack Babylon.

  4. ^

    *(s)néHtr̥: "snake" could be from either *(s)neh₁tr̥: "twister" or *(s)neh₂tr̥: "swimmer". Or it could be a substrate borrowing; given that it is a geographically restricted animal name, that would be fairly common. It could even be a substrate borrowing eggcorned after "twist" or "swim".

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