Teaser
halogen, coleslaw, salad, sauce, salary, salt
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Proto-Indo-European *séh₂l-s salt
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Pre-Albanian *śālā
- Albanian gjollë
- Old Armenian աղ ał
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Balto-Slavic sāˀlis
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East Baltic
- Latvian sāls salt
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West Baltic
- Old Prussian sal(i)
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Slavic *sȍlь salt
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East Slavic
- Russian соль solʹ salt
- Ukrainian сіль silʹ salt
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South Slavic
- Bulgarian сол sol salt
- Serbo-Croatian со(л) so(l) salt
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West Slavic
- Czech sůl salt
- Polish sól salt
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Celtic *sālos
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Brythonic
- Welsh hâl salt
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Gaulish
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German Hallstatt Salt?-Place an important salt mine for at least the past 3000 years
- English Hallstatt
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Celtic *salēnos salt
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Brythonic *haluɨn
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Welsh halen salt
- Welsh hâl salt
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Celtic *salanos
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Old Irish salann
- Irish salann salt
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Hellenic *hāls
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Classical Greek ἅλς hals salt, brine, sea
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Koine Greek ἅλας halas salt
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Koine Greek ἁλάτιον halátion
- Greek αλάτι aláti salt
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Classical Greek ἅλινος halinos (made) of salt
- English haline
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Swedish halogen
- English halogen
- Etruscan 𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄 alśase with (the) salt? [1]
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Indo-Iranian *saHls
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Indo-Aryan *saHl-
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Indo-Aryan *saHlila
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Sanskrit 𑀲𑀮𑀺𑀮 salila water
- Bengali সলিল śolil water
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Iranian *haHl-
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Western Iranian
- Persian هلتاک haltâk
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Italic *sāls
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Latin sāl salt accusative: saleᵐ
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Central Romance
- Italian sale salt
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Eastern Romance
- Romanian sare salt
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Insular Romance
- Sardinian sale
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Western Romance
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Old French sal
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French sel salt
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French fleur de sel
- English fleur de sel
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- Spanish sal
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Latin salīre to salt, to sprinkle
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Vulgar Latin *salāre
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Central Romance
- Italian salàre to salt, to brine
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Eastern Romance
- Romanian a săra to salt, to brine
- Albanian shëllij I salt, I brine
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Insular Romance
- Sardinian salire
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Western Romance
- French saler to salt
- Spanish salar to salt
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Vulgar Latin *salāto/a salted
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Central Romance
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Italian salato salted, expensive, salad (dialectic)
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French salade salad, greens
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Dutch salade salad, lettuce (archaic)
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Dutch sla lettuce, salad (diminutive)
- English slaw
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Dutch koolsla cabbage salad, coleslaw
- English coleslaw
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- English salad
- Persian سالاد salâd salad
- Russian салат salat salad, lettuce
- Vietnamese xà lách lettuce
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- Greek σαλάτα saláta salad
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Italian salatino cracker
- English saltine
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Vulgar Latin *salsa (salted) sauce
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Central Romance
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Italian salsa sauce
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Greek σάλτσα saltsa sauce, salsa
- Turkish salça sauce
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Western Romance
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French sauce
- English sauce
- Vietnamese xốt sauce
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Spanish salsa sauce, gravy, salsa
- English salsa
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Vulgar Latin *insalāre
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Central Romance
- Italian insalàre to salt (archaic)
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Eastern Romance
- Aromanian ãnsar I salt
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Vulgar Latin *insalāta
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Central Romance
- Italian insalata salad, lettuce
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Vulgar Latin *salicare
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Western Romance
- Portuguese salgar to salt
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Latin salārium salary, stipend, wages, meal [2]
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French salaire
- English salary
- Italian salario
- Spanish salario
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Latin salīna salt pan, salt works
- English Salina
- English Salinas
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Latin sal petrae potassium nitrate, saltpetre "salt of the rock"
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Old French salpetre saltpetre
- French salpêtre saltpetre
- English saltpetre
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Latin sal nitrum potassium nitrate, saltpetre
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Catalan salnitre
- Spanish salitre saltpetre, nitre
- Italian salnitro saltpetre
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- Umbrian 𐌔𐌀𐌋𐌖 salu salt
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Proto-Indo-European *sh₂eldus
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Balto-Slavic *salˀdus sweet
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East Baltic
- Lithuanian saldùs sweet
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Slavic *soldъ malt
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East Slavic
- Russian солод solod malt
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South Slavic
- Bulgarian слад slad malt
- Serbo-Croatian слад slad malt
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West Slavic
- Czech slad malt
- Polish słód malt
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Slavic *sòldъkъ sweet
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East Slavic
- Ukrainian солодкий solodkyj sweet
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South Slavic
- Bulgarian сладък sladǎk sweet, cute
- Serbo-Croatian сладак sladak sweet, cute
- Russian сладкий sladkij sweet
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West Slavic
- Czech sladký sweet
- Polish słodki sweet, cute
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Proto-Indo-European *sh₂eldóm
- Old Armenian աղտ ałt
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Germanic *saltą salt
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East Germanic
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Gothic
- Crimean Gothic salt salt
- Visigothic 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄 salt salt
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North Germanic
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Old Norse salt salt
- Danish salt salt
- Icelandic salt salt
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West Germanic
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Old English sealt
- English salt
- Scots saut salt, sarcasm
- Yola zall salt
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Frankish *salt
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Dutch zout salt
- Sranan Tongo sowtu salt
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Old High German salz
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German Salz salt
- German Salzach river name: Salt-Water salt mined in the Alps was shipped down the Salzach
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German Salzburg Salt-Castle originally a customs checkpoint for the salt shipping on the Salzach
- English Salzburg
- Yiddish זאַלץ zalts salt
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Samic
- Northern Sami sálti salt
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Germanic *sultijō saltwater, brine, salt marsh
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North Germanic
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Old Norse sylt
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Danish sylt saltmarsh
- Danish Sild
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German Sylt
- English Sylt
- English silt
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West Germanic *sulta brine, brined or pickled food
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Frankish
- Dutch zult
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Old High German
- German Sülze
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Proto-Indo-European *sh₂lmós
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Pre-Albanian *(n)-śalim-
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Albanian ngjelmë salty, savory
- Albanian ngjelmët salty, briny
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Hellenic
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Classical Greek ἅλιμος hálimos
- Classical Greek ἅλιμα hálima seaside
- Classical Greek ἅλιμον hálimon saltbush (Atriplex halimus)
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Classical Greek Ἁλιμοῦς Hálimoûs placename: Seaside? a fishing village outside Athens
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Greek Άλιμος
- English Alimos
- Latin Halmius
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Visual
Collected English words
Hallstatt, haline, halogen, fleur de sel, slaw, coleslaw, salad, saltine, sauce, salsa, salary, Salina, Salinas, saltpetre, salt, Salzburg, Sylt, silt, Alimos
Footnotes
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On the Pyrgi Tablets, the Etruscan phrase 𐌉𐌋𐌀𐌂𐌅𐌄·𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄 ilacve.alśase, the word alśase has been interpreted as containing a word for "salt" connected to Greek ἅλς háls, with an Etruscan suffix -ase. But this reading—like so many Etruscan words—is disputed.
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The exact reason why the Latin word salārium, etymologically "(thing) pertaining to salt" means "wages, salary" is unclear and much debated. It is probably not because Roman soldiers were literally paid in salt. It is more likely that "salt" stood metonymically either for miscellaneous supplies the soldiers paid for out of their wages; or else that "pertaining to salt" referred more literally to the military rations they were provided, and extended to the money they were paid as well (cf. the English use of bread to mean "money").