Introduction

"Warlock" originally meant "oathbreaker", a compound of *wērō: "truth, oath" and *lugô: "liar". Here I have the families for both pieces of the compound.

There also used to be a related word in Old English þēodloga, which I am quite fond of. It would have been thedelock in English, and I translate it as "arch-traitor" or "liar-general".

Teaser

very, verify, Varangian, warlock

lie, warlock

Full Text

• Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ true apparently LNWPIE

  • Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros true adjective

    • Celtic *wīros true

      • Brythonic *gwir

        • Welsh gwir true, certain, truly, justice
      • Old Irish fír true, truth

        • Irish fíor true, correct, real, truth, honor
    • Germanic *wēraz true, reliable, friendly

      • West Germanic *wār

        • Old English wǣr true, correct
        • Frankish *wari

          • Dutch waar true, authentic
        • Old High German wār true

          • German wahr true
      • Germanic *alla-wēraz

        • East Germanic

          • Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌴𐍂𐌴𐌹 allawērei sincerity, agreeability "all-true, all-friendly"
        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse alvara

            • Danish alvor seriousness, earnestness
            • Icelandic alvara seriousness, earnestness
    • Italic *wēros true

      • Latin vērus true, actual, genuine, suitable, just

        • Central Romance

          • Italian vero true, real
        • Western Romance

          • French voir truth
          • Spanish vero true, real
        • Latin vērāx truthful

          • Vulgar Latin *vērācus

            • Central Romance

              • Italian verace true, honest, genuine
            • Western Romance

              • Old French verai real, genuine

                • French vrai true, real
                • Dutch fraai beautiful, fancy, nice
                • English very
              • Spanish veraz truthful
            • English veracious
            • Medieval Latin vērācitās

              • Old French

                • French véracité veracity, authenticity
                • English veracity
        • Latin vērificō

          • French vérifier

            • English verify
        • Latin vērisimilis

          • Latin vērisimilitūdō

            • English verisimilitude
        • Latin vēritās

          • Central Romance

            • Italian verità
          • Western Romance

            • French vérité
            • Spanish verdad
        • Latin verum truly, reality, fact

          • Latin (ad) de vērum

            • Eastern Romance

              • Romanian adevăr truth
            • Western Romance

              • Spanish (a) de veras really, truly
    • Proto-Indo-European *weh₁reti trusts de-adjectival verb

      • Balto-Slavic

        • Slavic *věriti

          • East Slavic

            • Russian ве́рить véritʹ to believe to trust
            • East Slavic *do-věriti

              • Ukrainian довіря́ти dovirjáty to trust, to confide
          • South Slavic

            • Serbo-Croatian вје̏рити vjȅriti to engage, to betroth
          • West Slavic

            • Polish wierzyć rely, believe, trust
    • Proto-Indo-European *weh₁reh₂ a truth, a trust de-adjectival noun

      • Balto-Slavic *wēˀrāˀ

        • Slavic *vě̀ra belief, faith

          • East Slavic вѣра věra

            • Russian ве́ра véra faith, trust, religion
            • Ukrainian ві́ра víra faith, belief, creed, confidence
        • South Slavic

          • Old Church Slavonic вѣра věra faith, belief
          • Serbo-Croatian вје̏ра vjȅra belief, faith, religion
        • West Slavic

          • Polish wiara belief, faith, creed, trust, confidence

            • Polish wiarołomca traitor lit. "trust-breaker" ^[1]
      • Germanic *wērō truth, pledge

        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse vár pledge

            • Old Norse Vár Divinity of oaths and agreements
            • Old Norse væringi sworn companion "truth-gang"

              • Byzantine Greek Βάραγγος Várangos Varangian

                • English Varangian
        • West Germanic *wāru

          • Old English wǣr truth, faith, friendship, agreement
          • Old High German wār
          • West Germanic

            • Old English wǣrloga oath-breaker, liar, traitor lit. "truth-liar"

              • English warlock
            • Old High German wārlogo truce-breaker, traitor
• Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ- to lie, to be false also apparently LNWPIE

  • Proto-Indo-European *léwgʰeti

    • Germanic *leuganã to lie

      • East Germanic

        • Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 liugan to lie
      • North Germanic

        • Old Norse ljúga to lie

          • Danish lyve to lie
          • Icelandic ljúga to lie
      • West Germanic

        • Old English lēogan to lie, to be wrong, to deceive

          • English lie
          • Scots lee
        • Frankish *liegan

          • Dutch liegen to lie
        • Old High German liogan

          • German lügen to lie
          • Yiddish לײַגן laygn to lie
  • Proto-Indo-European *lugʰyéti

    • Balto-Slavic

      • Slavic *lъgàti to lie

        • East Slavic лъгати lŭgati

          • Russian лгать lgatʹ to lie
          • Ukrainian лга́ти lháty
        • South Slavic

          • Old Church Slavonic лъгати lŭgati to lie
          • Serbo-Croatian ла̀гати làgati to lie
        • West Slavic

          • Polish łgać to lie
  • Proto-Indo-European *lowgʰnos

    • Germanic *laugnaz concealed

      • East Germanic

        • Gothic *laugns

          • Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃 analaugns secret, concealed
      • Germanic *laugnijanã to conceal

        • East Germanic

          • Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 laugnjan
        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse leyna

            • Icelandic leyna to hide, to conceal
        • West Germanic

          • Old English līeġnan to deny
          • Frankish *lōganen

            • Dutch loochenen to deny, to disavow
          • Old High German louganen

            • German leugnen to deny
      • Germanic *laugnō concealment

        • North Germanic

          • Old Norse laun secrecy, concealment
        • West Germanic

          • Old High German lougna
  • Proto-Indo-European *lugʰis lie noun

    • Balto-Slavic

      • Slavic *lъžь

        • East Slavic лъжь lŭžĭ

          • Russian ложь ložʹ lie
          • Ukrainian лож lož lie
        • South Slavic

          • Serbo-Croatian ла̑ж lȃž lie
        • Slavic *lъžujьkъ March lit. "deceptive"

          • South Slavic

            • Serbo-Croatian òžujak March
        • West Slavic

          • Old Polish łeż lie
    • Germanic *lugiz lie

      • North Germanic

        • Old Norse

          • Icelandic lygi lie
      • West Germanic

        • Old English lyġe lie

          • English lie
        • Old High German lugī

          • German Lüge lie
          • Yiddish ליגן lign lie
  • Proto-Indo-European *léwgʰō

    • Germanic *lugô liar, traitor

      • North Germanic

        • Old Norse logi
      • West Germanic

        • Old English loga

          • Old English þēodloga liar-general, great traitor, arch-impostor

            • English *thedelock
        • Old High German logo
        • West Germanic

          • Old English wǣrloga oath-breaker, liar, traitor lit. "truth-liar"

            • English warlock
          • Old High German wārlogo truce-breaker, traitor

Visual

Collected English words

very, veracious, veracity, verify, verisimilitude, Varangian, warlock, lie, lie, None

Footnotes

1. ^

   Polish wiarołomca: "traitor" is literally "trust-breaker", but the word "łomić", "to break" is archaic in Polish—mostly only used in "łom": "crowbar".