Teaser
pumpkin,
cook,
kitchen,
kiln,
apricot,
Pepsi,
biscuit,
Budapest
Full Text
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Early Proto-Indo-European
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Anatolian *pekʷ- to pound, to crack grain
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Hittite pakkušš- to pound, to crack, to crush, to grind
- Hittite 𒉺𒀝𒋗𒉿𒀭 pa-ak-šu-wa-an cracked? ground? (of grain)
- Hittite 𒉺𒀝𒆪𒍑𒋗𒅈 pa-ak-ku-uš-šu-ar a tool for crushing grain
- Lydian 𐤥𐤹𐤡𐤠𐤲𐤶𐤫𐤯 wćpaqẽnt tramples upon
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Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- to cook, to ripen
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Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti to ripen, to be cooking root imperfective
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Pre-Albanian *peka
- Albanian pjek bake, broil, roast
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Balto-Slavic *pektei to bake
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East Baltic *keptei
- Latvian cept
- Lithuanian kèpti
- Slavic *peťì to bake, to put effort into
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Celtic *kʷokʷeti
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Brythonic *pobɨd to cook, to bake
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Welsh pobi to bake, to roast, to have a fever
- Welsh popty bakery, oven lit. "bake-house" with -tŷ
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Hellenic *péponts cooking, ripening from the participle *pékʷonts
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Classical Greek πέπων pépōn ripe, soft, kind, weak
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Koine Greek μηλοπέπων mēlopépōn melon (Cucumis melo) lit. "ripe/soft/sweet fruit"
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Latin mēlopepō melon (Cucumis melo)
- Irish mealbhacán wild carrot, melon
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Late Latin mēlō melon oblique stem melon-
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Central Romance
- Italian melone melon (Cucumis melo)
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Western Romance
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Old French melon melon
- French melon melon
- Dutch meloen melon
- English melon
- Spanish melón melon
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Latin pepō large melon, pumpkin oblique stem pepon-
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Central Romance
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Western Romance
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Old French
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Middle French pepon
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Middle French pompon melon, cucumber
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French pompon pompon
- Dutch pompoen
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English pumpion
- English pumpkin
- Welsh pwmpen pumpkin
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Old Spanish pepón cucumber, melon
- Spanish pepón watermelon
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Spanish pepino cucumber, unripe melon diminutive
- Spanish pepinillo pickle double diminutive
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Eastern Romance
- Romanian pepene melon, watermelon, cucumber (dialectic)
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Old Albanian pjepënë
- Albanian pjepër cantaloupe, cucumber
- English pepo
- Indo-Iranian *páčati
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Italic *kʷekʷō
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Latin coquō I cook, I ripen, I roast, I dry
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Vulgar Latin *cocere
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Central Romance
- Italian cuòcere to cook, to bake
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Eastern Romance
- Aromanian coc I bake, I ripen
- Romanian a coace to bake, to ripen
- Albanian kuq I fry, I cook
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Western Romance
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Old French cuyre to cook
- French cuire to cook
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Middle English cury
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Spanish cocer to boil, to cook, to brew, to chafe
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West Germanic *kokōn to cook
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Old English *cōcian
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Old High German
- German kochen to cook, to boil, to get agitated
- Yiddish קאָכן kokhn to cook
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Frankish *kokon
- Dutch koken to cook, to boil
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Old Saxon *kokōn
- Danish koge to boil, to cook
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Swedish koka to boil
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Slavic *kuxati
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East Slavic
- Ukrainian кухова́рити kuxováryty to cook
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South Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian ку̏вати kȕvati to cook
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West Germanic *kōkô cake
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Frankish
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Dutch koek
- French couque
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Dutch koekje
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English cookie
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Cantonese 曲奇 kuk¹ kei⁴ cookie
- French cookie
- Hindi कुकी kukī cookie
- Russian ку́ки kúki HTTP cookie
- Thai คุกกี้ kúk-gîi cookie
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Old High German kuohho cake, pie
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German Kuchen
- English kuchen
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German Lebkuchen
- Yiddish קוכן kukhn cake
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Lorraine Franconian Küeche
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French quiche
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English quiche
- German Quiche quiche
- Greek κις kis quiche
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Old Saxon *kōko
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Low German Kook cake
- Low German Kookje cookie, cracker, biscuit
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Finnic *kakku
- Finnish kakku cake
- Finnish kakko a kind of cakey bread, a dumpling
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West Germanic *kōkilaz little cake, bun diminutive
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Old English cyċel little cake, morsel
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Old High German kuohhil
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Old High German kuohhilīn
- German Küchlein small cake
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Old Norse kaka
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Danish kage cake
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Icelandic kaka cake, cookie
- Icelandic legkaka placenta calque of New Latin placenta uterī
- English cake
- Irish cáca cake
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Finnic *kakku
- Finnish kakku cake
- Finnish kakko a kind of cakey bread, a dumpling
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Latin coquus a cook
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Central Romance
- Italian cuoco a cook, a chef
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Western Romance
- French queux a cook obsolete
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West Germanic *kok a cook
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Old English cōc a cook
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Frankish *kok
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Dutch kok a cook, a chef
- French coq a cook rare
- Japanese コック kokku a cook, a chef
- Russian кок kok ship's cook
- Welsh cog a cook
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Latin coquīna relating to cooking, the skill of cooking, kitchen
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Vulgar Latin *cocīna kitchen
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Central Romance
- Italian cucina kitchen, cookery, cuisine
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Venetian
- Albanian kuzhinë kitchen
- Greek κουζίνα kouzína kitchen, cuisine
- Serbo-Croatian ку̀жӣна kùžīna kitchen, cuisine regional
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Western Romance
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French cuisine kitchen, cuisine
- English cuisine
- Malagasy lakozy kitchen
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Spanish cocina kitchen, stove, cuisine
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West Germanic *kukinā kitchen
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Old English cyċene
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Frankish
- Dutch keuken kitchen, cuisine
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Old High German chuhhina kitchen
- German Küche kitchen, cuisine
- Yiddish קיך kikh kitchen, cuisine
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Czech kuchyně kitchen, cuisine
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Polish kuchnia kitchen, cuisine, stove
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Russian ку́хня kúxnja kitchen, cuisine
- Armenian կուխնի kuxni kichen
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Serbo-Croatian ку̏хиња kȕhinja kitchen, cuisine
- Hungarian konyha kitchen, cuisine
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Old Saxon *kukina
- Low German Köken kitchen, cooking, cuisine
- Danish køkken kitchen, cuisine
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Swedish kök kitchen, cuisine
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Latin culīna kitchen, small portable stove
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Old English cyline
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Latin culīnārius related to cooking or kitchens, culinary
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French culinaire culinary
- Italian culinario culinary
- Spanish culinario culinary
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Latin praecoquō I ripen before, I ripen early
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Latin praecox early-ripening, premature, precocious
- English precocious
- French précoce early, premature, precocious
- Italian precoce premature, early, hasty, untimely
- Spanish precoz precocious, early
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Latin (persica) praecocia early-ripening (peaches)
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Koine Greek πραικόκιον praikókion apricot
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Byzantine Greek βερικοκκιᾱ berikokkíā
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Aramaic bārqoqa plum, apricot (archaic)
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Arabic برقوق barqūq plum, apricot (archaic, dialectic), peach (dialectic)
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Catalan albercoc apricot incorporating definite article al-
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Catalan abrecoc apricot dialectic pronunciation
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Latin (mālum) praecoquum early-ripening (fruit)
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Koine Greek πραικόκιον praikókion apricot
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Byzantine Greek βερικοκκιᾱ berikokkíā
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Aramaic bārqoqa plum, apricot (archaic)
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Arabic برقوق barqūq plum, apricot (archaic, dialectic), peach (dialectic)
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Catalan albercoc apricot incorporating definite article al-
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Catalan abrecoc apricot dialectic pronunciation
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Tocharian *päk-
- Arshian päk- to cook, to boil, to ripen
- Kushean päk- to cook, to boil, to ripen
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Proto-Indo-European *pékʷyeti
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Hellenic *péťťō to cook, to ripen
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Indo-Iranian *páčyatay
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Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit 𑀧𑀘𑁆𑀬𑀢𑁂 pácyate to ripen, to develop, to mature
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Proto-Indo-European *pokʷtós cooked, ripe
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Balto-Slavic *paktas
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Slavic *pȍtъ sweat
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East Slavic потъ potŭ
- Russian пот pot sweat
- Ukrainian піт pit sweat
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South Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic потъ potŭ sweat
- Slovene pọ̑t sweat
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West Slavic
- Czech pot sweat
- Polish pot sweat
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Celtic *kʷoxtos cooked, hot
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Brythonic *poɨθ
- Welsh poeth hot, mulled, fevered
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Hellenic *pekʷtós
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Classical Greek πεπτός peptos
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Classical Greek δύσπεπτος dúspeptos difficult to digest, unripe
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Italic *kʷoktos
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Latin coctus cooked, ripened
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Central Romance
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Italian cotto cooked
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Italian biscotto biscuit, cookie
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Italian terracotta terracotta lit. "cooked earth", i.e. unglazed earthenware
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Latin biscoctus twice-cooked
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Central Romance
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Italian biscotto biscuit, cookie
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Western Romance
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Latin recocta recooked
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Proto-Indo-European *pₔkʷwós cooked, ripe
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Indo-Iranian
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Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit pakvá cooked, baked, ripe, mature, accomplished, old, cooked food, ripe grain
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Proto-Indo-European *pₔkʷrós cooked, ripe
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Balto-Slavic *pekVras
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Slavic *pečVrь roasted
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Slavic *pečVrica agaric mushroom, esp. common mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) ~"thing to be roasted"
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East Slavic *pečěrica
- Russian печери́ца pečeríca common mushroom
- Ukrainian печери́ця pečerýcja agaric mushroom
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South Slavic *pečurka
- Bulgarian печу́рка pečúrka mushroom
- Serbo-Croatian пѐчӯрка pèčūrka mushroom, esp. agaric mushroom
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West Slavic *pečarka
- Czech pečárka agaric mushroom, esp. common mushroom
- Polish pieczarka agaric mushroom
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Proto-Indo-European *pékʷtis
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Balto-Slavic *pektis
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Slavic *pȅťь oven
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East Slavic печь pečĭ stove, oven, furnace
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Russian печь pečʹ stove, oven, furnace, kiln
- Armenian փեչ pʿečʿ stove, oven
- Finnish pätsi furnace, hellfire
- Ukrainian піч pič oven
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South Slavic
- Bulgarian пещ pešt furnace, oven
- Old Church Slavonic пещь peštĭ oven, stove
- Serbo-Croatian пе̑ћ pȇć furnace, oven, stove
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Hungarian Pest Pest
- English Pest
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Hungarian Budapest Budapest
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West Slavic
- Czech pec oveb, furnace
- Polish piec fireplace, stove, furnace
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Slavic *peťera cave
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East Slavic печера pečera cave
- Ukrainian пече́ра pečéra cave
- Polish pieczara small cave, grotto
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South Slavic
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Bulgarian пещера pešterá
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Old Church Slavonic пещера peštera cave, dungeon, refuge
- Romanian peșteră cave
- Russian пеще́ра peščéra cave
- Serbo-Croatian пѐћина pèćina cave
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Hungarian Pest Pest
- English Pest
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Hungarian Budapest Budapest
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West Baltic
- Old Prussian pagaptis spit (for roasting)
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Hellenic
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Classical Greek πέψῐς pépsis
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Proto-Indo-European *pékʷmn̥
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Hellenic *pékʷmə
- Classical Greek πέμμα pémma
Visual

Collected English words
melon,
pompom,
pumpion,
pumpkin,
pepo,
curry,
cook,
cookie,
kuchen,
lebkuchen,
quiche,
cake,
cook,
cuisine,
kitchen,
kiln,
culinary,
precocious,
abrecock,
apricot,
dyspepsia,
Pepsi-Cola,
Pepsi,
terracotta,
biscotti,
biscuit,
ricotta,
Pest,
Budapest,
Peshtera
Footnotes